THE TECHNICAL PRESENTATIONS
(10TH IIEE REGION 7 CONFERENCE)
PROTECTION SYSTEMS FOR
LARGE SUBSTATIONS
WILLE P. CANIZARES, PEE
2009 President – IIEE North Cebu Chapter
LARGE SUBSTATIONS
WILLE P. CANIZARES, PEE
2009 President – IIEE North Cebu Chapter
As the probability of faults is 24/7, how are large substations protected...?
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How large is a “large substation”? Certainly, a 500 MVA, 500–115 kV Substation is large in terms of MVA rating, physical size and voltage levels. And there are a large number of them in the Middle East. How are these large substations protected? How do they differ from the smaller ones?
The protection provided for a power substation depends to some extent upon its size and rating, and will comprise in several forms each designed to provide the requisite degree of protection for different faults or abnormal voltage conditions. Normally, the larger the substation, the more it demands for more sophisticated protection system it so deserves.
Protection is a vital part of any electric power system - unnecessary during normal operation but very crucial during troubles, faults, and abnormal disturbances. As every system is subject to disturbances that should be removed quickly, the awareness of these abnormalities is necessary to arm suitable protection systems.
This paper therefore focuses on the fundamental technology in the application of protective devices and other forms of protection in large power substations virtually leading to its Testing and Commissioning.
RENEWABLE ENERGY
MELEUSIPO E. FONOLLERA, PEE, IIEE Fellow,
Former IIEE National President
MELEUSIPO E. FONOLLERA, PEE, IIEE Fellow,
Former IIEE National President
Renewable Energy: The Need in These Troubled Times…
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The 14th Philippine Congress has just enacted a Renewable Energy Law, designated as R.A. 9513, an Act promoting the development, utilization and commercialization of Renewable Energy (RE) Resources, and among other purposes. This law provides bundles of fiscal and non-fiscal incentives to foreign and local investors.
If vigorously and honestly implemented, R.A. 9513 will pave the way to a well developed and sustainable RE industry. Our country then achieving energy self-reliance will in effect reduce our dependency on imported fossil fuels. Employing RE for power generation, produces near–zero greenhouse gas emissions that impact in mitigating global warming, which is one of the aims of the Kyoto Protocol of which our country is a signatory.
In light of very encouraging events unfolding, the IIEE Advocacy Group for the awareness of IIEE Members, has assembled materials about wind, solar, biomass, geothermal, hydro and ocean energy as lecture topics to be presented during IIEE meetings and Regional Conferences.
MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT
FOR SUBSTATIONS
NOEL T. FERNANDEZ, PEE, MMExM
IIEE 2009 Region 7 Governor
If vigorously and honestly implemented, R.A. 9513 will pave the way to a well developed and sustainable RE industry. Our country then achieving energy self-reliance will in effect reduce our dependency on imported fossil fuels. Employing RE for power generation, produces near–zero greenhouse gas emissions that impact in mitigating global warming, which is one of the aims of the Kyoto Protocol of which our country is a signatory.
In light of very encouraging events unfolding, the IIEE Advocacy Group for the awareness of IIEE Members, has assembled materials about wind, solar, biomass, geothermal, hydro and ocean energy as lecture topics to be presented during IIEE meetings and Regional Conferences.
MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT
FOR SUBSTATIONS
NOEL T. FERNANDEZ, PEE, MMExM
IIEE 2009 Region 7 Governor
Even in the modern times, maintenance has not been understood universally… because,
“MAINTENANCE STILL MEANS DIFFERENT THINGS TO DIFFERENT PEOPLE”.
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“MAINTENANCE STILL MEANS DIFFERENT THINGS TO DIFFERENT PEOPLE”.
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In any facets of life, there is always what we call as “desired condition”. Standards have always been based on these “desired conditions” and performances are always seen as if systems are still brand new. It is often desired that capacity, process capability, efficiency and throughput must not degenerate in the entire lifetime of any power system. But the reality is that there is always an end to any lifetime and that the likelihood of deterioration increases with age.
IEEE defines maintenance as: “The act of preserving or keeping in existence those conditions that are necessary in order for equipment to operate as it was originally intended”. Thus, maintenance covers all activities undertaken to keep equipment, machineries, facilities and systems in a desired state or condition to include all other services done to return them back to that desired condition. Developing & setting up a workable maintenance management system involves a strategy that demands a high level of understanding and mastery of the various equipments as well as the technical characteristics of the systems involved. After all, no industry in business would survive with a faulted Substation.
So in the modern world, the levels of maintenance procedures are now seen as Condition Watch and Predictive Tests rather than tear-downs and repairs. But if it fails, it is important to understand the reason why. While all establishments dislike breakdowns; strategies centered on maintenance testings & monitoring, the use of various test equipment and the measurable parameters as well as the concepts on how to manage Substation Maintenance are lined-up in this presentation.
ENERGY MANAGEMENT
SYSTEMS & TECHNIQUES
ARMANDO R. DIAZ, PEE, ASEAN Engineer
2009 IIEE National VP-External
IEEE defines maintenance as: “The act of preserving or keeping in existence those conditions that are necessary in order for equipment to operate as it was originally intended”. Thus, maintenance covers all activities undertaken to keep equipment, machineries, facilities and systems in a desired state or condition to include all other services done to return them back to that desired condition. Developing & setting up a workable maintenance management system involves a strategy that demands a high level of understanding and mastery of the various equipments as well as the technical characteristics of the systems involved. After all, no industry in business would survive with a faulted Substation.
So in the modern world, the levels of maintenance procedures are now seen as Condition Watch and Predictive Tests rather than tear-downs and repairs. But if it fails, it is important to understand the reason why. While all establishments dislike breakdowns; strategies centered on maintenance testings & monitoring, the use of various test equipment and the measurable parameters as well as the concepts on how to manage Substation Maintenance are lined-up in this presentation.
ENERGY MANAGEMENT
SYSTEMS & TECHNIQUES
ARMANDO R. DIAZ, PEE, ASEAN Engineer
2009 IIEE National VP-External
Are Energy Management Programs in industries working…? Here’s why!
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Nowadays, most industries have their own Energy Management Program. However, this can be:
– Informal
– Decentralized, not centrally coordinated or managed
– Project-oriented, not program-oriented
– Cyclical (i.e. in the support a company gives)
Thus, many companies miss important savings opportunities because they lack a means for addressing energy use across the corporation. In this presentation, the participants will understand fully how to make an effective management program for them to have successful energy management processes to maximize product efficiency, minimize energy input, maintain high energy load factor, and the most economical use of energy.
APPLICATION OF INSULATION
COORDINATION IN SUBSTATIONS
ARTHUR ‘ART’ T. EVANGELISTA, PEE
Director Consultant – ATE Consulting Services,
Former National IIEE VP
– Informal
– Decentralized, not centrally coordinated or managed
– Project-oriented, not program-oriented
– Cyclical (i.e. in the support a company gives)
Thus, many companies miss important savings opportunities because they lack a means for addressing energy use across the corporation. In this presentation, the participants will understand fully how to make an effective management program for them to have successful energy management processes to maximize product efficiency, minimize energy input, maintain high energy load factor, and the most economical use of energy.
APPLICATION OF INSULATION
COORDINATION IN SUBSTATIONS
ARTHUR ‘ART’ T. EVANGELISTA, PEE
Director Consultant – ATE Consulting Services,
Former National IIEE VP
How are Over-Voltages in Substations Protected? Much more… Coordinated?
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Transient over-voltages are attributed to natural phenomena and the inherent characteristics of the power system. Over-voltages may be generated by lightning and/or sudden changes in the power system caused by switching operations, short-circuits, load shedding, etc. The magnitude of these over-voltages may be above the allowable insulation thresholds and therefore need to be reduced and protected against.
Insulation Coordination is defined in ANSI C92.1-1982 as “the process of correlating the insulation strengths of electrical equipment with expected over-voltages and with the characteristics of surge protective devices.”
The presentation covers the fundamentals of insulation coordination and includes the discussion of traveling-wave behavior, insulation voltage withstand characteristics, arrester characteristics and ratings, arrester selection, arrester classes, and protective margins.
SYSTEM RELIABILITY
IN INDUSTRIAL PLANTS
DOMINICO ‘DOODS’ A. AMORA, PEE
IIEE 2009 National Auditor
Insulation Coordination is defined in ANSI C92.1-1982 as “the process of correlating the insulation strengths of electrical equipment with expected over-voltages and with the characteristics of surge protective devices.”
The presentation covers the fundamentals of insulation coordination and includes the discussion of traveling-wave behavior, insulation voltage withstand characteristics, arrester characteristics and ratings, arrester selection, arrester classes, and protective margins.
SYSTEM RELIABILITY
IN INDUSTRIAL PLANTS
DOMINICO ‘DOODS’ A. AMORA, PEE
IIEE 2009 National Auditor
This presentation is an assimilation of the interwoven factors & issues that contribute to the reliability of electrical systems in industrial plants...
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IEEE defines RELIABILITY as "the ability of a system or component to perform its required functions under stated conditions for a specified period of time." In an industrial plant scenario; it’s only a matter of pushing a button and a 6,000 kW motor kicks up to life - just like that! And nobody seems to be thinking about it. That in a sense is good reliability..! But if one is worrying about what could result if a button is activated (e.g., huge voltage dips or source trip-outs), then that’s another story… Thus, in practical terms, system reliability is simply: “There is power at sufficient capacity when needed, at any given time, all the time..!”
As there is no maintenance program that can make good the reliability of a poorly designed system, excellent design, operability and maintainability, all three pillars of system reliability, must henceforth be inputted in the conceptualization phase of an industrial power system. Additionally, whatever maintenance program developed by a plant is determined by the design of the system and the goals of the organization.
This presentation covers among others, the following: a) Pillars of Reliability, b) the Reliability Nines, c) the N + n Concepts, and d) Voltage Factor in Reliability.
To stay competitive in business, it is usually best to identify the problems that affect Plant Reliability, and apply solutions that most efficiently address those gaps. If the industrial plant does not design its system with reliability in mind, SOMEONE ELSE WILL.
FAULTS IN SUBSTATIONS
ELY P. SILVOSA JR, PEE
2009 VP Internal – IIEE North Cebu Chapter
As there is no maintenance program that can make good the reliability of a poorly designed system, excellent design, operability and maintainability, all three pillars of system reliability, must henceforth be inputted in the conceptualization phase of an industrial power system. Additionally, whatever maintenance program developed by a plant is determined by the design of the system and the goals of the organization.
This presentation covers among others, the following: a) Pillars of Reliability, b) the Reliability Nines, c) the N + n Concepts, and d) Voltage Factor in Reliability.
To stay competitive in business, it is usually best to identify the problems that affect Plant Reliability, and apply solutions that most efficiently address those gaps. If the industrial plant does not design its system with reliability in mind, SOMEONE ELSE WILL.
FAULTS IN SUBSTATIONS
ELY P. SILVOSA JR, PEE
2009 VP Internal – IIEE North Cebu Chapter
Awareness of the magnitudes and effects of faults in substations is a vital competency for the practicing electrical engineer...
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It has been said that the continuity of operation in an industrial plant is as just as good as its electric system. Its value speaks for itself the instance power is interrupted during production days because of the so-called ‘faults’. The awareness of the magnitudes of fault currents in Substations cannot be well appreciated until a major or heavy fault occurs – after all, the protection system only comes to work during these abnormal times. But then, beyond a nice-looking system, any industrial complex or power distribution utilities must have its protection schemes live up to predictable expectations; while above all, the protective devices shall not disintegrate during events of faults and while performing its functions.
And faults are for real! According to experience, faults usually surface out after about five years operation of a brand-new electric system. Systems must be designed to anticipate these faults, thus the need for fault calculations - the end objective of which is to design a system sturdy enough to survive the disastrous effects of faults.
Failures or breakdowns in various components of a power system are either man-made, accidental or by natural causes such as those brought about by lightning, hurricane or from mere deterioration. But should the system fail, it must “fail well”.
This presentation shows how faults in Substations can be calculated manually while a check with EDSA Power-Analysis Software, will confirm the results.
CONTINUING PROFESSIONAL
EDUCATION (CPE)
FRANCIS V. MAPILE, PEE
2002 IIEE National President
And faults are for real! According to experience, faults usually surface out after about five years operation of a brand-new electric system. Systems must be designed to anticipate these faults, thus the need for fault calculations - the end objective of which is to design a system sturdy enough to survive the disastrous effects of faults.
Failures or breakdowns in various components of a power system are either man-made, accidental or by natural causes such as those brought about by lightning, hurricane or from mere deterioration. But should the system fail, it must “fail well”.
This presentation shows how faults in Substations can be calculated manually while a check with EDSA Power-Analysis Software, will confirm the results.
CONTINUING PROFESSIONAL
EDUCATION (CPE)
FRANCIS V. MAPILE, PEE
2002 IIEE National President
If you rest, you rust. Learning is a never ending process…
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IIEE Continuing Professional Education (CPE) refers to the inculcation, assimilation and acquisition of knowledge, skills, proficiency and ethical & moral values after the initial registration of a professional that raises and enhances the professional competence.
Compliance with the IIEE CPE Program as condition for the renewal of professional license identification card is an effective and credible substitute for requiring a professional to pass another examination in order to allow him/her to continue the practice of his profession.
NUCLEAR ENERGY FOR POWER
GENERATION: FACTS & MYTHS
MELEUSIPO E. FONOLLERA, PEE, IIEE Fellow,
Former IIEE National President
Compliance with the IIEE CPE Program as condition for the renewal of professional license identification card is an effective and credible substitute for requiring a professional to pass another examination in order to allow him/her to continue the practice of his profession.
NUCLEAR ENERGY FOR POWER
GENERATION: FACTS & MYTHS
MELEUSIPO E. FONOLLERA, PEE, IIEE Fellow,
Former IIEE National President
Facts or Myths: Which is which …?
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The International Atomic Energy Agency of the United Nations, in one of its documents, states: “Nuclear energy has the potential to be a reliable, sustainable and environmentally friendly energy source that can contribute to the accessibility of affordable energy services in all interested countries for present and future generations. Any use of nuclear energy should be beneficial, responsible and sustainable, with due regard to the protection of people and the environment, non-proliferation, and security”.
In support to the above statements and to the enlightenment of IIEE Members about nuclear energy, this lecture covers briefly the following topics:
1987 Philippine Constitution
Nuclear Energy Basic Principles
Nuclear Power Plant Accidents
Nuclear Waste Disposal
The Economics of New Nuclear Power Plant
Climate Change Issues
Coal Fired Power Plants
BNPP Re-Commission Update
Against Operation of Nuclear Power Plant
Renewable Energy Update
Renewable Energy’s Limitations/Constraints
Power for the Future!
As public debates on the use of nuclear energy for power generation are intensely going on, it is now a concern of the electrical engineering practitioners to get involved in the discussion on this issue and be guided accordingly.
EFFICIENT LIGHTING DESIGN CONCEPTS
ARTHUR A. LOPEZ
2000 IIEE National President
In support to the above statements and to the enlightenment of IIEE Members about nuclear energy, this lecture covers briefly the following topics:
1987 Philippine Constitution
Nuclear Energy Basic Principles
Nuclear Power Plant Accidents
Nuclear Waste Disposal
The Economics of New Nuclear Power Plant
Climate Change Issues
Coal Fired Power Plants
BNPP Re-Commission Update
Against Operation of Nuclear Power Plant
Renewable Energy Update
Renewable Energy’s Limitations/Constraints
Power for the Future!
As public debates on the use of nuclear energy for power generation are intensely going on, it is now a concern of the electrical engineering practitioners to get involved in the discussion on this issue and be guided accordingly.
EFFICIENT LIGHTING DESIGN CONCEPTS
ARTHUR A. LOPEZ
2000 IIEE National President
There is more in Lighting Systems that meets the eyes - it is a gold mine waiting to be tapped…!
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The main objective of the paper is to provide specification and application guidelines for electrical practitioners engaged as lighting designers, consulting engineers, architects, interior designers, building administrators, plant engineers, utility personnel, end-users and others who make decisions about lighting designs and installations.
This presentation will also provide information on the basics of light and artificial lighting fundamentals applied to office indoors and industrial environments. It also discusses various lighting design concepts as well as technical description of energy efficient lamps and accessories and how they operate.
This presentation will also provide information on the basics of light and artificial lighting fundamentals applied to office indoors and industrial environments. It also discusses various lighting design concepts as well as technical description of energy efficient lamps and accessories and how they operate.
CONDITION-BASED POWER
TRANSFORMER MAINTENANCE
RODOLFO R. PENALOSA, PEE, ECE
Chairman– Board of Electrical Engineering, PRC
1995 IIEE National President
TRANSFORMER MAINTENANCE
RODOLFO R. PENALOSA, PEE, ECE
Chairman– Board of Electrical Engineering, PRC
1995 IIEE National President
New Trends in Power Transformer Maintenance – the IEEE way!
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The presentation will discuss the IEEE Standards in testing apparatuses such as power transformers.
Power System maintenance specifically on the substation power transformer has evolved from predictive to condition-based maintenance to assess the condition of the apparatuses in the system.
Most utilities in developed countries have adopted this type of methodology to save - by having to continually monitor what goes on with the apparatus and minimize downtime, loss of revenues and most of all prepare for spare parts needed during maintenance.
This presentation will show the significance of insulation power factor in power transformers, how it’s tested, both on-line and off-line. It will also discuss the importance of oil tests, and the use of partial discharge as vital new tool in testing insulation systems.
OPEN ACCESS ENERGY TRADING
EDWARD L. MENDOZA, PEE
Member – Board of Electrical Engineering, PRC
1996 IIEE National President
Power System maintenance specifically on the substation power transformer has evolved from predictive to condition-based maintenance to assess the condition of the apparatuses in the system.
Most utilities in developed countries have adopted this type of methodology to save - by having to continually monitor what goes on with the apparatus and minimize downtime, loss of revenues and most of all prepare for spare parts needed during maintenance.
This presentation will show the significance of insulation power factor in power transformers, how it’s tested, both on-line and off-line. It will also discuss the importance of oil tests, and the use of partial discharge as vital new tool in testing insulation systems.
OPEN ACCESS ENERGY TRADING
EDWARD L. MENDOZA, PEE
Member – Board of Electrical Engineering, PRC
1996 IIEE National President
Energy Trading has yet to go full blast. It’s important to know how it works…! How well is your organization prepared for these changes?
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As most large energy users in the Philippines are aware by now, decades of government-ruled electric utility monopoly is coming to an end. The passing of the Electric Power Industry Reform Act (EPIRA) of 2001, which marked the beginning of electricity deregulation, is changing forever the way electric power is delivered, purchased and used by energy customers.
Deregulation requires all electric utilities to share their transmission and distribution lines with other utilities and retail electricity suppliers. Started initially with wholesale competition, it is opening up the entire country’s electricity grid to the marketplace and encouraging retail competition by offering many new customer choice options.
The decision-making process of buying electric energy from the right source is a finite strategy that requires inside knowledge of how the utility, wholesale and retail businesses operate, and how electric power is applied by the user. Energy buyers will need to evaluate their choices on a new playing field, and from different perspectives, such as financial, contractual and benefits.
This presentation will attempt to enlighten the participants about the basics of deregulation and to better prepare respective organizations for negotiating favorable energy supply contracts. The advice contained in this presentation is designed as a guide on how to better manage utility costs and to compete in a deregulated marketplace that is sure to grow more competitive each day.
BLACK-OUT 101
JAIME V. MENDOZA, PEE
Member – Board of Electrical Engineering, PRC
Deregulation requires all electric utilities to share their transmission and distribution lines with other utilities and retail electricity suppliers. Started initially with wholesale competition, it is opening up the entire country’s electricity grid to the marketplace and encouraging retail competition by offering many new customer choice options.
The decision-making process of buying electric energy from the right source is a finite strategy that requires inside knowledge of how the utility, wholesale and retail businesses operate, and how electric power is applied by the user. Energy buyers will need to evaluate their choices on a new playing field, and from different perspectives, such as financial, contractual and benefits.
This presentation will attempt to enlighten the participants about the basics of deregulation and to better prepare respective organizations for negotiating favorable energy supply contracts. The advice contained in this presentation is designed as a guide on how to better manage utility costs and to compete in a deregulated marketplace that is sure to grow more competitive each day.
BLACK-OUT 101
JAIME V. MENDOZA, PEE
Member – Board of Electrical Engineering, PRC
How often do we want Black-Outs…?
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“BLACK-OUT HITS THE VISAYAS. A 10-hour black-out swept the entire Visayas after the main power supply in Leyte tripped amid on-going maintenance work of the National Grid Corporation of the Philippines (NGCP).” This was the headline of the Philippine Star, one Sunday, April 25, 2009.
Will Black-Out be a normal occurrence in the Visayas? How often do we want them?
The reliability of a power system is not a mystery. It can be maintained at the highest level we can expect. But of course, it comes with a cost, but more than that, it requires national attention and the will to implement. We cannot stop typhoons, lightning strikes, flood, random equipment failures, human errors and jellyfishes, but we can certainly decide how often we want to have cascading black-outs.
This paper will explain the basics of why black-out can or cannot be prevented; what happens if one line tripped and how can we minimize this.
APPLICATION OF Is LIMITERS & SOLID
STATE CURRENT LIMITERS IN SYSTEMS
WITH HIGH FAULT CURRENTS
JULES S. ALCANTARA, PEE, MSEE, MS Energy Mngt
2009 IIEE National Secretary
How are Is - Limiters applied in Electrical Systems…?
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Electrical engineers are faced with the challenges of integrating new generation into existing power systems, requiring the clearing of faults more quickly or finding an alternative to SF6 breakers.
Also, the rising demand for energy world-wide requires additional transformers and generators, and an increasing interconnection of the individual supply network, leading to the permissible short-circuit currents for the equipment being exceeded. Thus, parts of the equipment are being dynamically or thermally destroyed.
When replacement of existing switchgear and cable connections by new equipment with higher short-circuit strength is technically impossible or uneconomical for the user, the use of Is-limiters reduces the short-circuit current in new or expanded systems.
This presentation is about fault currents and the application of Is- Limiters and of Solid State Current Limiters.
ELECTRICAL DESIGN CONCEPTS
FOR HIGH RISE BUILDINGS
HIPOLITO ‘POL’ A. LEONCIO, PEE
Immediate Former IIEE National President
Also, the rising demand for energy world-wide requires additional transformers and generators, and an increasing interconnection of the individual supply network, leading to the permissible short-circuit currents for the equipment being exceeded. Thus, parts of the equipment are being dynamically or thermally destroyed.
When replacement of existing switchgear and cable connections by new equipment with higher short-circuit strength is technically impossible or uneconomical for the user, the use of Is-limiters reduces the short-circuit current in new or expanded systems.
This presentation is about fault currents and the application of Is- Limiters and of Solid State Current Limiters.
ELECTRICAL DESIGN CONCEPTS
FOR HIGH RISE BUILDINGS
HIPOLITO ‘POL’ A. LEONCIO, PEE
Immediate Former IIEE National President
High Rise Buildings are here to stay. What are then the best design strategies…?
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The growth of the real estate market has initiated the rise in the development of business centers in the metropolis and key cities in the country. Real estate developers started the construction of high rise buildings during the construction boom of early eighties and have continued up to the present.
To cope with this trend, Electrical Engineers have to equip themselves with the technical know-how in the design of electrical system of a high rise modern building. Their work and participation in the planning, design and construction of a modern building cannot be underestimated or underscored.
We are anticipating the increase of high rise building not only in Metro Manila but also in other upcoming metropolitan cities in the country. With global concern on greenhouse effect ever increasing, buildings and all structures for that matter should seriously consider energy efficient design and the use of energy efficient devices and equipments. Also with the recent trend in Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) call centers on 24 hours operation have change some parameters in our building design.
This paper intends to open up our Electrical Practitioners to the new concepts in designing high rise/modern buildings. It is also a prelude to more detailed and comprehensive seminars/lectures being prepared by IIEE for its members and associates.
HARNESSING GEOTHERMAL POWER IN
THE PHILIPPINES – THE EDC EXPERIENCE
ELLSWORTH LUCERO, ME
Senior Manager – EDC Power Generation Group
To cope with this trend, Electrical Engineers have to equip themselves with the technical know-how in the design of electrical system of a high rise modern building. Their work and participation in the planning, design and construction of a modern building cannot be underestimated or underscored.
We are anticipating the increase of high rise building not only in Metro Manila but also in other upcoming metropolitan cities in the country. With global concern on greenhouse effect ever increasing, buildings and all structures for that matter should seriously consider energy efficient design and the use of energy efficient devices and equipments. Also with the recent trend in Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) call centers on 24 hours operation have change some parameters in our building design.
This paper intends to open up our Electrical Practitioners to the new concepts in designing high rise/modern buildings. It is also a prelude to more detailed and comprehensive seminars/lectures being prepared by IIEE for its members and associates.
HARNESSING GEOTHERMAL POWER IN
THE PHILIPPINES – THE EDC EXPERIENCE
ELLSWORTH LUCERO, ME
Senior Manager – EDC Power Generation Group
Silently bellowing behind the mountains, geothermal power energizes most of the Visayas Grid…
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Geothermal energy is an important renewable energy resource whose exploitation has relatively insignificant environmental impact. The use of geothermal energy has proven to be cost effective in many countries where geological, hydrological and geophysical conditions are favorable to the formation of geothermal systems.
The existence of geothermal systems is manifested by the presence of hot springs and /or fumaroles. Geothermal exploration serves the purpose of locating geothermal areas favorable to development and to finding sites within the system for drilling. Exploration includes geological mapping as well as geochemical and geophysical surveys. Geological mapping determine the rock and structural properties of the geothermal system.
Geochemical surveys predict subsurface temperatures to gain information on the origin and characteristics of the geothermal fluid as well as understand the subsurface flow directions. Geophysical surveys establish the variations in the physical properties of the geothermal system. Evaluation of information gathered from exploration, drilling the system to test the economic feasibility of the geothermal prospect ensues and later development of the geothermal field is pursued. Installation of the Power Plants and the Steam-field Facilities completes the system for power generation.
Geothermal exploitation for Power Supply contributed to national progress most specially to the host communities.
The existence of geothermal systems is manifested by the presence of hot springs and /or fumaroles. Geothermal exploration serves the purpose of locating geothermal areas favorable to development and to finding sites within the system for drilling. Exploration includes geological mapping as well as geochemical and geophysical surveys. Geological mapping determine the rock and structural properties of the geothermal system.
Geochemical surveys predict subsurface temperatures to gain information on the origin and characteristics of the geothermal fluid as well as understand the subsurface flow directions. Geophysical surveys establish the variations in the physical properties of the geothermal system. Evaluation of information gathered from exploration, drilling the system to test the economic feasibility of the geothermal prospect ensues and later development of the geothermal field is pursued. Installation of the Power Plants and the Steam-field Facilities completes the system for power generation.
Geothermal exploitation for Power Supply contributed to national progress most specially to the host communities.
QUALIFYING FOR A PEE LICENSE
EDWARD L. MENDOZA, PEE
Member – Board of Electrical Engineering, PRC
1996 IIEE National President
EDWARD L. MENDOZA, PEE
Member – Board of Electrical Engineering, PRC
1996 IIEE National President
How do you overcome the Fear Factor in the PEE Licensure? Here are your tips…
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Most of our REEs and would be licensed EE professionals, desiring to pursue a life-long career in Electrical Engineering, would definitely want and therefore strive to attain the highest measurement of competence and recognition for a practicing EE professional – that of being conferred one of the most sought after license for any professional - that of being a Professional Electrical Engineer (PEE).
This paper is meant to give would be PEEs an insight into the expectations and preparations needed for the wannabes in going through the process, understanding the pre-qualifications for taking the licensure for PEE, thinking of a prospective topic for the thesis, preparation and doing the thesis proper, following Rule 14 of the IRR of RA No. 7920, going for the much awaited interview by a panel, and finally waiting with bated breath for the judgment at the end of the interview.
At the end of the day, the PEE wannabes attending this presentation will realize that it is NOT that difficult after all to be a PEE!
MOBILE SUBSTATIONS
DOMINICO ‘DOODS’ A. AMORA, PEE
IIEE 2009 National Auditor
This paper is meant to give would be PEEs an insight into the expectations and preparations needed for the wannabes in going through the process, understanding the pre-qualifications for taking the licensure for PEE, thinking of a prospective topic for the thesis, preparation and doing the thesis proper, following Rule 14 of the IRR of RA No. 7920, going for the much awaited interview by a panel, and finally waiting with bated breath for the judgment at the end of the interview.
At the end of the day, the PEE wannabes attending this presentation will realize that it is NOT that difficult after all to be a PEE!
MOBILE SUBSTATIONS
DOMINICO ‘DOODS’ A. AMORA, PEE
IIEE 2009 National Auditor
To some, a Mobile Substation Project may not be ‘big deal’, but the opportunity to design a mobile substation is one worthwhile experience of an electrical engineer…
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Catastrophic events, weather related outages and system failures affect everyone, every time. Emergency or temporary service must be available, whenever and wherever we need it.
This Presentation is about MOBILE SUBSTATIONS as alternative quick and short-term solutions for small power utilities & electric cooperatives in situations of need. The concept of Mobile Unit Substations is to quickly replace faulted substations to provide power on short notice or to facilitate temporary power supply as an aftermath of a catastrophe or during heavy maintenance or while system expansion and/or construction of the permanent systems are going on.
The temporary nature and the hasty mode of installation of Mobile Substations demands for several trade-offs in terms of fault protection, the degree of flexibility & reliability desired, physical size & space limitations, height & weight restrictions, transportability requirements, safety, and economics.
This Presentation is about MOBILE SUBSTATIONS as alternative quick and short-term solutions for small power utilities & electric cooperatives in situations of need. The concept of Mobile Unit Substations is to quickly replace faulted substations to provide power on short notice or to facilitate temporary power supply as an aftermath of a catastrophe or during heavy maintenance or while system expansion and/or construction of the permanent systems are going on.
The temporary nature and the hasty mode of installation of Mobile Substations demands for several trade-offs in terms of fault protection, the degree of flexibility & reliability desired, physical size & space limitations, height & weight restrictions, transportability requirements, safety, and economics.
